elevator cabin
An elevator car is a compartment that houses and carries passengers or cargo or both and consists of three main parts.
– A frame called the “yoke”. This frame itself is divided into several parts, including the upper yoke (cross-head) and the lower yoke (planker).
– A platform on which passengers or cargo are placed.
– Walls that serve as protection.
– A door for the cabin is mandatory according to the standards of most countries.
The main role of the cabin door is to protect passengers from possibly colliding with the wall of the well when the cabin is moving.
The yoke itself consists of three parts: the upper yoke, the side columns, and the lower yoke.
In traction elevators, the wire ropes may be connected directly to the chassis or, after winding around the idler pulley on or below the cabin, which is connected to the yoke, connect to the cabin.
Sliding or roller shoes are installed on the yokes at the four corners of the car to guide the car along the guide rails.
The structure of the yoke is important not only for its strength, but also for its adjustment so that it is protected from deflection, especially when roller shoes are used. Deviation and tilting of the yokes after their manufacture cause problems, but although it will be difficult to eliminate the above problems, it is not impossible, and therefore it is necessary that the components of the yokes be of particular accuracy.
Elevator cabin body material
The cabin body is made of steel sheet with a thickness of at least 1.5 mm and its floor and ceiling are at least 2 mm. The body is made of slats 30 to 40 cm wide and the length of the cabin height, and they are bolted together. The edges of the slats are turned back at least 3.5 cm to allow them to be bolted together and to strengthen the body. The useful height of the cabin is at least 2 meters.
Elevator cabin dimensions
An important point to note about elevator cabins is that usually the cabins have a special floor for standing. They also have walls that protect the cargo or passengers. The cabins have a stop at each floor and also observe the level of the cargo and passengers during entry and exit. One of the important issues that is always emphasized by the elevator company is the tolerance of the cabin stop. The tolerance should be only 25 mm higher than the entrance terrace level!
The dimensions that are considered for elevator cabins will vary based on the passenger carrying capacity and, of course, also depends on the level of traffic. In general, the situation is such that, for example, for a capacity of 900 kg, a maximum area of 2.2 m is required and should not be more than this amount. Sometimes elevators are not designed correctly in terms of dimensions and quickly encounter problems. In this case, an elevator repair team will be needed to provide the necessary forecasts and make the best decision for elevator repair at a low cost.
The dimensions of the elevator cabin are extracted from standard tables according to the required load and person level. In special elevators such as flatbed, stretcher or wheelchair lifts, the cabin has specific dimensions for equipment to enter it that must be observed. Of course, before building the cabin, the dimensions inside the elevator shaft must be completely examined and measured. Then the final dimensions of the elevator cabin are calculated. The distance between the cabin body and the inner surface of the elevator shaft wall must be a maximum of 5 cm and a minimum of 2 cm in the measurements.
The reason for building the body in smaller pieces is to facilitate its installation and assembly inside the shaft, as well as its opening and dismantling from inside the shaft.
According to the EN 81 standard, the cabin roof must be built in such a way that it can withstand the weight of at least two people without permanent deflection.
The cabin floor is made of steel sheet, which may also use some wood to reduce noise. The floor is decorated with granite, ceramic, and anti-scratch floor coverings, and in car cabins, ribbed sheets are used according to the taste of the architect, designer, and employer.
The cabin body can also be decorated with Formica or steel coverings on chipboard boards, depending on the use of the elevator.
The boundary between the elevator cabin and the yoke, especially in passenger elevators, is used with elastic parts, such as springs or rubber types, to prevent the transmission of vibrations during the movement of the elevator and also when it stops and starts. In elevators for transporting goods, the above elastic devices are removed because the important thing is that the cabin floor is strong so that it can withstand the forces applied to it by the elevator load.
In elevators, it is assumed that the load does not enter the elevator cabin at a maximum capacity of more than 25% per loading, but in freight elevators, especially car elevators, the total of the car and the load may exceed the maximum allowable load for which the cabin is designed.
Therefore, in elevators where the lift truck enters the cabin and unloads the load, the weight of the forklift is always included in the cabin design calculations.
The cabin floor must be loaded to such an extent that the cabin remains suspended and suspended at its center of gravity without applying excessive forces to the guide shoes, and this feature is known as balancing at rest. In elevators that use roller-type guide shoes, these rollers are exposed to large forces and may experience problems, and therefore the balance of the cabin at its center of gravity is of particular importance. In panoramic elevators, part of the shaft wall and cabin are glass, and the purpose of these types of elevators is to provide safe movement inside or outside the building while observing the scenery during movement. The cabin can be produced with glass walls, doors, and floors, and glass and its shape, according to the architect, are one of the architectural elements that can be built in different ways depending on the surface and type of use of the building. A minimum glass (laminate) thickness of 11 mm must be considered.
Elevator cabin price
The price of an elevator cabin depends on various factors, but perhaps the most important of these factors is the type of material used in it, and of course, it is also necessary to mention that the dimensions of the elevator cabin also greatly affect its price. The higher the quality of the material used in the cabin, the higher its price will be, but the best and most balanced thing that can be done is to use a suitable material that also has a reasonable price.
Another point is the capacity of the elevator cabin. The higher its capacity, the larger its dimensions will be, and naturally its total price will also increase.
The type of use of the elevator also affects the price of the elevator cabin. For example, a hospital elevator cabin that must have special features has a different price than a regular home cabin.
Buying an elevator cabin
Buying an elevator cabin is a very sensitive task, and its final design will have a great impact on your project, so try to be meticulous at this stage, because it will make the final output of the work more quality and more appropriate.
To purchase an elevator and an elevator cabin, you can call 73048-021.
Elevator cabins are designed in passenger, freight, bed and car models. The elevator cabin is usually a metal chamber that is placed between a rail space and a wire rope or steel rope is used to move it. The elevator cabin hangs vertically and moves.
Components of an elevator cabin
You may also be interested in learning more about the components of an elevator cabin! In this way, we have tried to provide useful information in this regard.
Elevator cabins are usually made of black galvanized sheets. Of course, the thickness of the cabin body is very important. The minimum thickness of the cabin body must be 1.5 mm, and this figure is also 2 mm for the floor and ceiling of the cabin. The point is that the sheets are usually not implemented seamlessly.
That is, they are in the form of modules that are implemented in an intricate manner and are considered 30 cm wide. The length of these sheets is also 2 meters. The screw that connects the sheets is very important and usually should be of the m6 or m8 type.
Usually, anti-scratch steel is also used for the elevator cabin. Sometimes MDF materials or composite materials such as a combination of steel and MDF are also used. The combination of steel and mirror will be the best option for the cabin. Colored decorative steels such as smoky, copper, silver and gold colors are the best option for the elevator cabin.
The cabin material must be standard and this has a great impact on the quality and lifespan of the elevator.
Interior equipment of the elevator cabin
The emergency buttons that are placed inside the elevator cabin and the display numerator are very important items and must be placed in their appropriate places.
For example, the alarm and emergency stop buttons are located at the bottom of the cabin. It is also very important that these buttons are installed at a height of 890 mm. On the other hand, the highest button is installed at a height of 1370 mm. The space inside the cabin should be clear and bright in terms of lighting and its lighting level is also very important.
The handles installed for the cabin door should be 900 mm high and all these things should be observed by the elevator company.
Now suppose that the desired capacity is more than 2500 kg per 100 kg, so it is necessary to evaluate the area inside the cabin and for a capacity of more than 20 people, the area should also be increased.
Sometimes, telephones, air conditioners, radios, and various displays are used in the interior of the elevator cabin. In general, the elevator cabin can have entry and exit from one or two sides, and this will depend on the type of cabinet. Of course, after a while, the buttons inside the cabin stop working, and this causes the need to repair the elevator and the repair conditions to be properly assessed. As studies show, the space inside the elevator cabin is relatively larger than other parts.
Elevator cabin requirements
The useful height inside the cabin and its entrance must be at least 195 centimeters. Cabin entrances must be equipped with doors. In the National Building Regulations, Section Fifteen, the useful height of the cabin entrance on floors for normal entry is declared to be 2 meters. Elevator cabin requirements
The cabin must be completely closed by walls, floor and ceiling. The only places that are allowed to be open are: entrances, emergency doors and hatches, ventilation chambers, as well as the walls, floor and ceiling of the cabin must not be made of flammable materials or materials that produce dangerous gases and fumes.
In cabins with doors without holes, ventilation openings (with an area of at least one percent of the cabin area) must be installed at the top and bottom. The aforementioned openings must be such that it is not possible to pass a rod with a diameter of 1 cm through it. The lighting of the cabin must be permanent and at least 50 lux must be provided at the control switch and the floor of the cabin. If incandescent lamps are used, at least two parallel lamps must be used. In the event of a power failure, the emergency power source must be able to keep at least a one-watt lamp lit for one hour. Elevator cabin requirements
The cabin must be equipped with a warning system (yellow) that is easily recognizable and accessible. Its power must also be supplied by the emergency lighting source. The aforementioned system can include a chassis in the form of a bell, an iPhone system, telephone communication or similar device. If the travel is more than 30 meters, the iPhone system or similar must establish communication between the cabin and the engine room.
The nominal load of the cabin, including the maximum number of people and the maximum kilogram, must be specified inside the cabin. The name of the seller and the serial number of the elevator must also be shown.
The alarm and emergency stop button must be the lowest button and installed at a height of 89 centimeters. The highest button should not be more than 1.37 meters from the cabin floor.
Ventilation is required for cabins with doors.
The handle should be installed on one of the cabin walls, preferably the back wall, at a distance of about 20 millimeters from the wall and at a height of 90 centimeters from the cabin floor.
